How IUL works
An IUL policy has a death benefit, an account value, and ongoing policy charges. Premiums are flexible within limits; underfunding a policy can cause it to lapse. Overfunding may be constrained by tax rules such as MEC testing—another reason tax counsel matters.
- Permanent coverage with flexible premium design
- Index-linked crediting with caps, spreads, or participation rates
- Floors that can limit downside for a crediting period (product-specific)
- Adjustable death benefit options on many contracts
- Requires ongoing monitoring so funding stays adequate
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Interest crediting is typically linked to an external index (for example, an equity index) with a floor that often protects against negative index returns for that crediting period, and a cap or other limit on upside. Exact features vary widely by carrier and product generation.
Policy loans and withdrawals, where available, can provide access to cash value but may reduce the death benefit, affect guarantees, and create tax consequences if the policy is not managed carefully.
